Damper.



PATEN'I'ED' NOV. 13, 1906.-

NLPRUITT,

DAMPBR.

APPLIUATION FILED MARJO, 190'6.

PAENT- orsroa.

NORMAN PRUITT, OF WASHINGTON, DISTRICT F COLUMBIA, -f -i insomnie,

Patented Nov'. 13, 1906.

Appucaaonfixd umh 10.1906. seal No. 305.391.

To @ZZ whom trudy-concern: q A

Be it known that I, NORMAN PRUITT a citizen of the United States, residing at lWashington,l in the District of Columbia, haveinvented a certainnew and useful Damper, of which the following is a specification, refererence being had therein to the accompanying drawings.

This invention relates to dempers or smoke-preventing and draft-promoting ap- Earatus, the/object of the resentinvention eing to provide a practica and effective device for the purpose referred to by means of which fresh air is admitted from the exterior toj'the interior of the flue leading outward from the stove or furnace and heated during its' passage to the interior ofthe flue and discharged at such 'point as .to mingle with the gases and unconsumed'products of combustion, thereby greatlypromoting combustion of the unconsumdmatter and effecting a lmaterial saving and-'economy in the consumption of fuel. l

A further obj ect of the invention is to provide means for effecting a thorough circulation of fresh air through the'damper prior to the 'discharge-of said air'into the-fine, whereby the:` airismore thoroughly heated and.

, thereby 4better adaptedto promote combustion.

' A further object of the invention is to provide means controlled bythe movement and position ofthe damper to out oii communica-- tion between the interior of the flue and thel outer atmosphere when the damper is thrown open, or, mother words, 'when the damper 1s preventing admission .of coifl air to check the Vdraft and also preventing the ejection of uncon'sm'ed gases and products of combustion into 'the room in which the apparatus is located. With the above and other objects in view the invention consists in the novel construction, combination, and arrangement hereinafteriully described, illustrated, and..ola imed. In the accompanying drawings, Eigure 1 is a side" 'eleva-tion of a Hue-section equipped witha damper or combustion-promoting der vice'ofthi's mvention.y Fig. 2 'is alongitudinel sectional view of the same: Fig: .B is-a. -lonfggitudinal section taken at right'an les to Fig. 2 and extending through the ollow shaft of thedamper. Fig. 4 is a similar view showing .the damper vin elevation and -e vSli .gles toFig. 6. Fig.' 8 is a `detail htly-modiiied arrangement of the air-circu ating means. Fig. 5 is a detail section similar to Fig. 2, showing a modified form of abutment or cut-off. Fig. 6 is a longitudinal -section through a flue-section anddamper,

showing a modified arrangement involving the same principle.

Fig. 7 is a longitudinalsection throughl the same',l taken at right anperspective view of the abutment or cut-off.

In the accompanyin drawings, 1 represents a Hue-Section whicgh constitutes a hous- 4ing or casing for the damper, the said'housing being preferably formed in two sections, one

of which is shown inFig. 2, sai'd section's'be-- ing the counterpart of each. other and pro-v vided with lugs 2, having' openings toA receive -fasteners 3, by means of which thesections are secured together.

-The housing or casing which forms the iuesection is preferably provided. with a pocket 4,'.oii'set to one side of the main Hue-passa e 5, into which-the 'damper 6 is ada ted to e' moved, as indicated by the dotted ine in Fig.

2, the 'full lines showing the position of the damper is of oblongand somewhat. el-

wall 8 is made in a separate-piece andsecured to the remainder of the damper by one orniore bolts 10. The swinging end ore-x- .trernity of the damper is provide with a seomented or half-moon-shaped recess 11, whidh.

when the damper is moved 'to its closed position leaves a vent or passage, as shown in Fig. 2, between the end-oi" the damper and the inner wall of the iiue, against which the projecting end of the damper rests, thus a1- owing for the necessary combustion. Otherwise the damper when closed fits snugly within the flue-space, and said damper is mounted on a hollow shaft 12,

which extends through the sides of the dam;-

per and also through openings-in the sides of th'e flue, as shown in Fig. 3. The projecting ends ofthe hollow shaft 12 are extended at.

an angle to form air-inlet extensions 13,1and

these air-inlets are so disposed that whenthe' rait to maintain,

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damper is open, as indicated by dotted -lilies 13, w ch are beveled o, as show n at 1.4, lie beneath abutments or cut-offs 15 1n the form 1, the outer, extremities of the. inlets of'lugs projecting laterally from opposite.

sides of the flue or housingr 1", whereb the suppll7 of air entering the inlets 13 an holl w s a ft 1 2 is cut off. ;When, however, the damper is closed, as shown in Fi inlets 13, having been moved outward from beneath .the cut-offs are left open to receive f resh air from the' exterior of the flue.

' As shown in Fig. 3, an air-discharge nozzle 16 pro'ects from the hollow shaft 12 about.

central y within the hollow damper, said noz- 'zle being shown as connected aboutcentrally ing end o to the shaft 1 2 by means of a T-coupling 17 -The nozzle 16 communicates with'and receives air from ,they hollow shaft 12 and niayA .extend an desired distance toward the swingthe damper, so as to carry the air' well toward that portion of the damper which is subjected to the direct action of the heat',l and 1n this way the air is caused tol traverse.

the length of the damper back and forth, and

v'openings 18 at the op is thoroughly heated before it it is allowed t0, pass -out through exit-holes or .dischargeosite endof the dampei from the point W ere itisemitted from the nozzle 16. Direction-arrows have been laced on the drawings to indicate the circuation of the air through the damper.

By passing one ofthe bolts 1() through the hollowlshaft 12 the shaft -isprevented from turning in" the damper,.an d it .may also be further desirable to pass .a short bolt 19 throughA the nozzle 176 to'secure said nozzle irmlywithin the hollow damper and to also assist inpreventing` a relative vturning move- A'ment between the .da'mper and thehollow i justing the damper, 40`

20 designates the handle for turning or ad.-

and said'handle may be connected to an elbow 2-1, forming an extenf tended in the formof'a'T 22 as shown in Fig.

4, 'and the handle 2() connected to said T. It is also desirable in some cases touse a friction-segment 23, beneath which; the handle moves, said segment being secured to the flue or housing 1, while the .handle carriesla friction-spring 24, which bears against the inner side of the friction-segment and oper# ates to hold the handle 20 at. any desired angle, thus enabling the damper to be partially or wholly closed and the air-inlets .13 to be partially' or wholly covered .by the abutments' 15.

'Instead of providing a long nozzle 16, as

, shown in Fig. 3, a pair of -short nozzles 25 may bevemployed, as shown in Fig. '4, said nozzles v4lischarging the air close up to the hollow shaft. 12.. In' order to cause said air to pass to the highly-heated portion of' the damper, a baille 26isemployed, the same con# sisting of oppositely-arranged walls or lates 27, spaced apart at their receiving en sa'nd `having their other ends deilected outward in g. 2, the air-'- tion between outer. atmosphere in order to preventcold air'ff from 'entering Hue and Checking the lparatus is located.

sion of one ofthe air-inlets 13, as shown in.' Fig. 1, or one Aof 'the air-inlets may be ex' be interchan opposite directions until they-reach the sides n of the. damper. the damper by thenozzle 25 is caused to pass totheopposite end of the damper, where it enters the ,space between the baffle-plates 27, and thence passes again lengthwise. of the Thus the air delivered into damper andoutward through the holes or perforations .18,

. 'Instead of employing the abutments or4 cut-offs 15; hereinabove described an abutment or cut-off 28 maybe arranged inside of c.

the damper, asfshown in Fig. 5, so that when the damper is closed said cut-off will cover vthe exitcles 18, therebyv cutting oi the supplyjof airtol the interiorof the flue or housmgl.

en the damper is closed,'as shown at Fig.. 2, it is necessary to admit' air. through the hollow shaft 12 to the interior of the damper and to the-interior of the ilue .to promote combustion. When, however, the damper is open, it is -necessary to cut o'ff communicathe interior of the flue andthe.

ha i

and also to preventthe 'gases from being? blown outward intothe room inwhich the apilf a It will 4be seen that. this cuttin off ofthe air-supply"isf'autoinatically I lprovi edjforfand is accomplished 1- by'the same means used for adjusting the position j of thed'amper.

vsha ed air-inlet at`one Aend yof the; hollowsha t, and which carries the handle 20, may y ed with the elbow-13 at thez-opposite4 end o said shaft. The provision-ofand readily effected.

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er object thehandle must I' onefside of the ilue V`the T-coupling 17 on the Tnozzlesj25,`e=. -ables'this interchange o' parts-toghe easily In Figs. 6, 7, and 8 I have shown thedainper mounted 'within a plain cylindrical flue-1 the damper being .mountsection or housing ed centrall WithinA the lue and the aterallyoifsetpoc 'et above described being dispensed with. In the form of.. the device shown in Figs. 6 and 7 the'ilue or housingfl may consist of sheet metal, and in orderto provide the necessary strength for mountin and operating the damper a two-part ban thereof being .provided withzholes 3( ),;adapt band 29 to be bolted toil gether 'or otherwise connected so as to ,ee--

cure said band to t'lje flue-section. a

. At diametric'all ing the parts of he opposite points fhblll bosses31- extend onward from the' bandrfyx 3g to form bearin s in which are received-oppositely-arrangev hollow journals 12, extendlng outward from the hollow damper formed by the Iwalls 7al and 8*L and similar in construction to 'j the damper hereinabove de-.` scribed, the hollow journals 12a serving to admit fresh air to the interior ofthe damper.

. Mounted upon the projectingends ofthe hollow journals 12a are the angular air-inlet dle andthe damper at any angle to which-thesameare adjusted for regulating the draft.

Within the damper are oppositely-arranged' baflles 27 which lead from the hollow journals 12a upward and outward to the hottest ortion of the damper, Vwhere the recess 11a is ocated, said battles causing the air received through the hollow journals 12a to pass upward to the highly-heated portion of the damper over the extremities of the baflles 27El and thence to the opposite end of the damper, where said air escapes through the exit-holeslSa into the flue. A

The point of exit of the heatedair from the damper is at the lowest part of thedamper i and should be as close to the fire or bed of coals as possible in order to obtain the b'est results.

l/Vhen the damper is moved to its open po- I sition, as shown in Fig. 6, the exit-holes 18a are closed by means of an abutment or cutoff 28, (shown in Figs. 6 and 8,) consisting of a plate against which the lower end of the daniperis ladapted'to rest when open. The cut-off 2S is provided with 'a supportingarm 33, having a base-flange 34, which is riveted or otherwise permanently connected to the Hue-section, as shown at 35.

ln starting a fire it is important and necessary to open the damper to obtain good and unobstructed draft, and at such time cold air should not be admitted above the fire, as it would operate to check the draft.

By means of the arrangement described for cutting olf the supply of fresh air when the damper isopen it will be seen that no air can enter the flue above. the fire to check the 4draft and by becoming heated ignite and explode the gases.

Furtheri'nore, by closing vthefresh-air inlets when 'the damper open .y shouldjthe unconsu-rned gases andproducts -of combustion accumulate in the flue by reason eiserne impediment-to the draft', suchas contrary. air-currents or'back draft, such gases andproducts cannot be blown out into the tionor .explosion of said gases and products, because sujchpath of egress is closed7 and their onlyway of escape 1s by way of the 'flue or smoke-pipe and chimney.

I claimi' j 11. The combination with a flue, of a hollow air-injecting damper the inter'or of which is in communication with a fresh-air inlet, and. means. controlled by the movement of the 'damper whereby upon closing the damper the air-supply is opened and upon opening the damper the air-supply is cut off.'

2. The combination with a' flue, of a damper having a hollow air heating and transmitting body in communication with the outer atmosphere, and meansv controlled -by the movement of the damper operating to turn on and cut off the air-supply of the damper.

3. The combination with a flue, of a hollow air-transmitting damper having an air-outlet, a hollow air-intake shaft on which the damper is mounted to turn, and a nozzle projecting from the hollow shaft within the daniper and adapted to inject fresh air into the damper at a distance from the air-outlet'.

4.4 The combination with a flue, of a hollow damper having an air-inlet and an air-outlet, and means within the damper for conducting the air back and forth therein to thoroughly heat the air prior to its` discharge from the damper.

5. The combination with a flue, of a hollow damper, interchangeable air-inlets or extensions one of which is provided with a damperoperating handle, and means operating to close said inlets when the damper is open.

6. The combination with a flue, of a hollow damper, a hollow air-inlet shaft for the damroomin which the flue is located by' an ignil per having interchangeable air-inlet sections one of which is provided with a handle, land means operating to close the inlet-sections when the damper is open.

7. The combination with a v(lue, of a hollow Intestimony whereof l alix my signature I in presence of two witnesses.

NORMAN PRUITT. Witnesses:

Rnxlroun M. SM rrn, MAE lll. BARNES. 

